There has been a continual debate on which programming language/s to learn, to use. As the latest TIOBE Programming Community Index for August 2021 indicates – C (13%), Python (12%), C++ (7%), Java (10%), and C#(5%) together control nearly half the programming activities worldwide. Further, C Programming Language Family (C, C++, C#, Objective C etc.) dominate more than 25% of activities. Hence, learning C++ is important as one learns about the entire family, about Object-Oriented Programming and gets a solid foundation to also migrate to Java and Python as needed. C++ is the mother of most general purpose of languages. It is multi-paradigm encompassing procedural, object-oriented, generic, and even functional programming. C++ has primarily been the systems language till C++03 which punches efficiency of the code with the efficacy of OOP. Then, why should I learn it if my primary focus is on applications? This is where the recent updates of C++, namely, C++11 and several later offer excellent depths and flexibility for C++ that no language can match. These extensions attempt to alleviate some of the long-standing shortcomings for C++ including porous resource management, error-prone pointer handling, expression semantics, and better readability. The present course builds up on the knowledge of C programming and basic data structure (array, list, stack, queue etc.) to create a strong familiarity with C++98 / C++03. Besides the constructs, syntax and semantics of C++ (over C), we also focus on various idioms of C++ and attempt to go to depth with every C++ feature justifying and illustrating them with several examples and assignment problems. On the way, we illustrate various OOP concepts. The course also covers important advances in C++ 11 and later released features..
Programming In Modern C++ Week 4 Programming Assignment.
INTENDED AUDIENCE : Any interested audience
PREREQUISITES : 10th standard/high school
INDUSTRY SUPPORT : Programming in C++ is so fundamental that all companies dealing with systems as well as application development (including web, IoT, embedded systems) have a need for the same. These include – Microsoft, Samsung, Xerox, Yahoo, Oracle, Google, IBM, TCS, Infosys, Amazon, Flipkart, etc. This course would help industry developers to be up-to-date with the advances in C++ so that they can remain at the state-of-the-art.
Course Layout
Programming Assignment Q1
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Database{
int id;
static Database *ins; //LINE-1
Database(int i) : id(i) {}
public:
int getIns(){ return id; }
static Database *createIns(int i){ //LINE-2
if(!ins)
ins = new Database(i);
return ins;
}
~Database();
};
Database *Database::ins = 0;
void fun(int i){
Database *s = Database::createIns(i); //LINE-3
cout << s->getIns();
}
Database::~Database(){ cout << id; }
int main(){
int a,b;
cin >> a >> b;
Database *s = Database::createIns(a);
cout << s->getIns();
fun(b);
return 0;
}
Programming Assignment Q2
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Interest; //LINE-1
class TotalAmount{
double prinAmt;
double amt = 0;
public:
TotalAmount(double p) : prinAmt(p){}
double calculate(Interest&);
};
class Interest{
double in;
public:
Interest(double i) : in(i){ }
friend class TotalAmount; //LINE-2
};
double TotalAmount::calculate(Interest &i){
amt = prinAmt * (1 + i.in / 100);
return amt;
}
int main(){
double i, j;
cin >> i >> j;
TotalAmount m(i);
Interest in(j);
cout << "Matured Amount: " << m.calculate(in);
return 0;
}
Programming Assignment Q3
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class position{
int x, y;
public:
position(int a, int b) : x(a), y(b) {}
position operator-(const position& p1){ //LINE-1
position p(0,0);
p.x = x-p1.x; //LINE-2
p.y = y-p1.y; //LINE-3
return p;
}
void print(){ cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")"; }
};
int main(){
int x1,y1,x2,y2;
cin >> x1 >> y1 >> x2 >> y2;
position p1(x1,y1), p2(x2,y2), p3(0,0);
p3 = p1-p2;
p3.print();
return 0;
}